Harvard Examples

For each reference, you should include the following information in the order given:

• Author(s) / Editor(s) - surname first, followed by initial(s).
• Year of publication in rounded brackets.
• Title of the book in italics.
• Edition – only if it is not the first.
• Place of publication, followed by a colon
• Publisher

Examples:

One author:
Cottrell, S. (2011) Critical thinking skills: developing effective analysis and argument. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan

More than one author:
Moore, S., Neville, C., Murphy, M. and Connolly, C. (2010) The ultimate study skills handbook. Maidenhead: Open University Press

An edited work:
Jeffs, T. and Smith, M. (eds) (1987) Youth work. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan

For each reference, you should include the following information in the order given:

• Author(s) of the chapter - surname first, followed by initial(s).
• Year of publication in rounded brackets.
• Title of the chapter enclosed in ‘single quote marks’
• ‘in’ followed by the author(s) or editor(s) of the book
• Title of the book in italics.
• Edition – only if it is not the first.
• Place of publication, followed by a colon
• Publisher
• ‘pp.’ followed by the page numbers of the chapter

Example:

Smith, P.H. (1951) ‘The overall allocation of resources’, in: Chester, D.N. (ed) Lessons of the British war economy. Westport: Greenwood Press, pp.34-57..

For each reference, you should include the following information in the order given:

• Author(s) / Editor(s) - surname first, followed by initial(s).
• Year of publication in rounded brackets.
• Title of the book in italics.
• [Online]
• Available at: URL
• Accessed date in rounded brackets.

Example:

Bell, J. (2010) Doing your research project: a guide for firt-time researchers in education, health and social science. (5^th ed) [Online] Available at: http://lib.myilibrary.com (Accessed: 23 November 2011).

For each reference, you should include the following information in the order given:

• Author(s) of the article - surname first, followed by initial(s).
• Year of publication in rounded brackets.
• Title of article enclosed in ‘single quote marks’
• Title of Journal in italics.
• Volume (issue number), page numbers eg 7(4), pp.123-132

Example:

Jackson, S.J. and Hokowhitu, B. (2002) ’Sport, tribes and technology: the New Zealand All Blacks haka and the politics of identity’, Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 26 (2), pp.125-139.

An electronic journal article should be referenced in the same way as a paper journal article, but make it clear that you consulted the electronic version.

• Author(s) of the article - surname first, followed by initial(s).
• Year of publication in rounded brackets.
• Title of article enclosed in ‘single quote marks’
• Title of Journal in italics.
• Volume (issue number), page numbers eg 7(4), pp.123-132
• [Online]
• Available at: URL
• Accessed date in rounded brackets.

Example:

Jackson, S.J. and Hokowhitu, B. (2002) ’Sport, tribes and technology: the New Zealand All Blacks haka and the politics of identity’, Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 26 (2) pp.125-139, [Online]. Available at: http://jss.sagepub.com (Accessed: 23 November 2011)

Or with a DOI (if available):

Jackson, S.J. and Hokowhitu, B. (2002) ’Sport, tribes and technology: the New Zealand All Blacks haka and the politics of identity’, Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 26 (2) pp.125-139, [Online]. DOI: 10.1177/0193723502262002 (Accessed: 23 November 2011)

Follow these guidelines for websites, or reports found on the Internet:

• Author - surname first, followed by initial(s) or corporate author, eg BBC
• Year the website was published or last updated in rounded brackets.
• Title of the webpage/report in italics
• Available at: URL.
• (Accessed: date)

Example:

BBC (2011) Comedy: Collections. Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/comedy/collections/ (Accessed: 23 November 2011)