Dr Aiyana Willard
Reader in Psychology
Quad North 126
- Email: aiyana.willard@brunel.ac.uk
- Tel: +44 (0)1895 265151
Summary
Dr Aiyana Willard is a Reader in the Centre for Culture and Evolution and the Department Psychology. Her research focuses on the evolutionary origins of religion and supernatural beliefs, examining how cognitive and cultural mechanisms shape belief systems from localized supernatural and spiritual practices to complex institutional religions. Dr Willard has made significant contributions to understanding how supernatural beliefs function within societies, particularly their role in enforcing cooperative norms. Her work spans topics including pagan spirituality, witchcraft beliefs, karma, religious prosociality, and the psychology of atheism. Dr Willard has been involved in several large international collaborative project during her career, including the Evolution of Religion and Morality project, and Explaining Atheism.
Dr Willard is currently working on the cultural evolution of contemoporary spiritual beliefs in the west, the the formation of new belief systems more generally. She is the REF 2029 lead for Psychology.
Academic career:
- Reader in Psychology, Brunel University of London, 2024-present
- Senior Lecturer in Psychology, Brunel University London, 2021-2024
- Lecturer in Psychology, Brunel University London, 2018-2021
- Postdoctoral researcher, Oxford, 2017-2018
- Postdoctoral researcher, University of Texas at Austin, 2015-2017
- PhD in Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2015
Newest selected publications
de Barra, M., Jiménez, ÁV., Rosun, N. and Willard, AK. (2025) 'Mysterious illnesses have supernatural and ritualistic cures: Evidence from 3,655 century-old Irish folk cures'. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA, 122 (49). ISSN: 0027-8424 Open Access Link
Willard, AK. and Russell-Wilks, C. (2025) 'Belief as Explanation: A motivation-based theory of agency and anthropomorphism in religious belief'. Religion, Brain and Behavior, 0 (accepted, in press). pp. 1 - 36. ISSN: 2153-599X Open Access Link
Jettinghoff, W., Folk, D., Radjaee, P., Willard, A., Norenzayan, A. and Heine, SJ. (2025) 'The varieties of nonreligious experience: meaning in life among believers, non-believers, and the spiritual but not religious'. Religion Brain and Behavior, 0 (ahead of print). pp. 1 - 15. ISSN: 2153-599X Open Access Link
White, CJM. and Willard, AK. (2025) 'How Karma Harms and Helps Generosity Toward Those in Need'. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 0 (ahead of print). pp. 1 - 22. ISSN: 0146-1672 Open Access Link
Willard, AK., Rosun, N., Lesage, K., Horsky, J. and Xygalatas, D. (2025) 'Witchcraft, Envy, and Norm Enforcement in Mauritius'. Human Nature: an interdisciplinary biosocial perspective, 35 (4). pp. 347 - 381. ISSN: 1045-6767 Open Access Link